With the increase of the time of life of humans the need for biomaterials replacing parts of human body or organs is increasing. Therefore the study of the biointegration of alloplastic materials and development of biocompatible materials is one of the most important research fields of biomedical sciences. A new emerging field of science, the biological surface science is also connected to the field of alloplastic materials and biointegration of dental implants. Our studies relate to replacements of body structures in case of which the biological function requires significant load-bearing capability. Example for that are dental implants and artificial hip-joint replacements. It is well known that dental implants are one of the most frequently used biomaterials. These are generally made from titanium (Ti) and its alloys as they present high corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Their biological integration and selective biocide nature depends on -among others- the surface structure of the material. Therefore our research focuses on the surface aspects of these materials using the tools of biological surface science (XPS, SEM, contact angle measurements). We will identify some important trends and directions in the surface modifications of titanium (Ti) dental implants targeting the improvement of their bio/osseointegration. Beside this we have performed studies on the effect of fluoride containing prophylactic gels and solutions on titanium probes and on the effect of decontaminating agents used for the treatment of periimplantitis on titanium dental implants. Our research group started its activity in the field of the biointegration of alloplastic materials 19 years ago.
Aspects of successful bio- and osseointegration of titanium dental implants and different surface modifications (physico-chemical and biochemical) of these implants to improve bio(osseo)integration will be studied. Newly developed (e.g.: composites) materials will be compared to titanium, in respect of their mechanical and surface properties. In vitro cell culture experiments will be performed to study their biocompatibility and in vivo animal experiments to test their bio- and osseointegration.
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