Myeloma is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous, incurable malignancy occurring through the clonal proliferation of terminally differentiated B-cells. The various disease-associated, recurrent genetic aberrations and their combinations allow the determination of biologically and clinically relevant subgroups. In this study, we aim to investigate (i) the evolution of biologically and/or prognostically important cytogenetic aberrations in plasma cell myeloma; (ii) the applicability of various cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques in the pathological diagnostics of myeloma, and (iii) the correlation between clinical features and genetic alterations detectable using novel methods with potential utilization in diagnostics.