Hydrogels are three-dimensional loosely crosslinked natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic polymers capable of capturing and storing large amounts of water. Their role in drug therapy is overgrowing, as they can be used to formulate active ingredients that are water-soluble and sparingly or not soluble in water. They can be used to develop many dosage forms, including liquid and semi-solid formulations, tablets, dermal and transdermal drug delivery systems. This is because the compositions may be biocompatible and biodegradable if the appropriate gelling agent is selected. By controlled variation in the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels, a controlled release drug delivery system can be prepared. Drug release can be controlled by the correct choice of polymeric material, the quality of the crosslinks in the gel (chemical and / or physical), the change in pore size, the ability of the system to absorb water, and the formation of matrix nanodomains of different lipophilicity.
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